Energy Efficient and Sustainable Refrigeration Systems This course provides guidance to refrigeration system design teams about selecting energy-efficient refrigeration systems that use low-global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants. It is based on work done by USDOE’s Commercial Building Partnerships (CBP) which is a public/private, cost-shared initiative that demonstrated cost-effective, replicable ways to achieve dramatic energy savings…
In-Line Inspections of Pipelines In the mid 1960s, pipeline operators began to use a form of instrumented inspection technology that has evolved into what is known today as in-line inspection (ILI). ILI is but one tool used in pipeline integrity assessment. The technology has now become so reliable that it holds a prominent place in…
Design, Construction, and Operation of Petroleum Pipelines The U.S. liquid petroleum pipeline industry is large, diverse, and vital to the nation’s economy. Comprised of approximately 200,000 miles of pipe in all fifty states, liquid petroleum pipelines carry more than 40 million barrels per day, or 4 trillion barrel-miles, of crude oil and refined products. This…
Introduction to Small Natural Gas Systems The U.S. Office of Pipeline Safety promotes the safe transportation of natural gas by pipeline. This course provides an overview of pipeline compliance responsibilities under the federal pipeline safety regulations. It presents the technical language of the regulations in “plain English” for enhanced comprehension. It also provides details of…
The Role of Energy Storage with Renewable Energy Renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, have variable and uncertain (sometimes referred to as “intermittent”) output, which are unlike the dispatchable sources used for the majority of electricity generation in the United States. The variability of these sources has led to concerns regarding the reliability…
Air Cooled Absorption for Power Applications Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems are widely used in the U.S. in industrial and institutional applications, but are relatively uncommon in commercial-building applications. Air-cooled lithium bromide (LiBr)-water absorption chillers offer a lot of potential; however, technical barriers to air-cooled operation exist, such as the increased tendency for LiBr…