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Overcurrent Protection Fundamentals Author: Velimir Lackovic Protecting relays against high current was the earliest relay protection mechanism developed. From this basic method, the graded overcurrent relay protection system, a discriminative short circuit protection, has been formulated. This course is provides an overview of overcurrent protection fundamentals. It presents coordination... Learn More

Arc Flash Basics and Hazard Planning Program Author: Velimir Lackovic This course gives an overview of arc flash hazards and explains the different causes, nature, findings, directions and processes related with arc flash hazards. An electric arc or an arcing fault is a flashover of electric current through air... Learn More

Arc Flash Calculation Methods Author: Velimir Lackovic This course provides an overview of arc flash hazard computations as specified by IEEE and NFPA. Students are encouraged to consult the standards for additional details. It is suitable for engineers with a desire to understand procedures for completing arc flash studies.... Learn More

Limiting Arc Flash Exposure Author: Velimir Lackovic Arc flash incidents may happen despite precautions taken to avert them. Arc flash incidents can be minimized by use of adequate equipment, proper preventive care, planning and coordination of operation, as well as skill improvement and real experience. Also crucial is the... Learn More

Introduction to Protective Device Coordination Analysis Author: Velimir Lackovic The objective of a protection scheme in a power system is to minimize hazards to personnel and equipment while allowing the least disruption of power service. Coordination studies are required to select or verify the clearing characteristics of devices such... Learn More

Introduction to Motor Starting Analysis Author: Velimir Lackovic The starting current of most AC motors is several times normal full load current. Both synchronous and induction motors can draw five to ten times full load current when starting them across the line. Motor-starting torque varies directly as the square... Learn More