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Gas Insulated Substation Installation Author: Velimir Lackovic This course provides practical information that has been collected from a number of different GIS projects. The GIS equipment installation is demanding and requires a detailed plan and sequence of work. A proper sequence plan is a basic requirement to provide an efficient work flow and a high... Learn More

Operation and Maintenance of a Gas Insulated Substation Author: Velimir Lackovic This course presents several real life experiences from existing GIS technology that has been in service for a number of years. It describes the nature and sources of defects including their repair and maintenance. It covers routine measurement methods to determine the quality of... Learn More

Recent Trends and Innovations in Arc Flash Assessments Author: Velimir Lackovic New equipment and innovations have led to significant improvements in arc flash systems and have created a safer work environment for the staff involved in maintenance of electrical equipment. In addition, some older established methods are being used to make equipment safer. Coordination of... Learn More

Arc Flash Resistant Equipment Author: Velimir Lackovic Arc flash resistant equipment is designed to withstand the impact of internal arcing fault as defined by the requirements of IEEE Guide C37.20.7-2007. In the 1970s, an interest started in Europe in assessing electrical equipment under internal arcing, which lead to development of the IEC standard. This research... Learn More

Arc Flash Hazard Calculations in DC systems Author: Velimir Lackovic The current international and national standards governing arc flash hazards do not adequately address DC systems. IEEE 1584 does not discuss arc flash hazard calculations in the DC systems, and NFPA-70E- 2000 only provides a short calculation method. Although the necessary calculation steps for DC... Learn More